Optimal hemoglobin A1C cutoff value for diabetes mellitus and pre-diabetes in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China

Prim Care Diabetes. 2018 Jun;12(3):238-244. doi: 10.1016/j.pcd.2017.12.006. Epub 2018 Jan 20.

Abstract

Aims: Due to the diversity of the Chinese population, it requires considerable research to evaluate HbA1c diagnostic threshold for diagnosis of hyperglycemia.

Methods: We included 7909 subjects aged ≥15 without known diabetes from the baseline of Pudong community cohort in 2013. Participants took oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and HbA1c assay. Receiver operating characteristic curve determined the HbA1c threshold in the diagnosis of hyperglycemia.

Results: The optimal HbA1C threshold for diagnosing newly diagnosed diabetes (NDD) and pre-diabetes in this population was 6.0% (AUC=0.798, 95%CI: 0.779-0.818) and 5.6% (AUC=0.655, 95%CI: 0.638-0.671). When compared with elderly age group (≥70 years), HbA1c for detecting NDD performed better in youth (15-39 years: P=0.003, 40-49 years: P<0.001). There were 13.81% and 13.34% of participants would be newly detected as NDD and pre-diabetes via HbA1c criteria; meanwhile 3.20% and 15.52% diagnosed as NDD and pre-diabetes by OGTT criteria would be missed diagnosis.

Conclusions: The optimal HbA1c thresholds for NDD and pre-diabetes were lower than ADA criteria. It is necessary to carefully consider whether choose HbA1c as a diagnostic criterion or combine two diagnostic standards. Age-specific diagnostic thresholds should be considered when HbA1c was recommended as diagnostic standard.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus; Hemoglobin A1c; Pre-diabetes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Area Under Curve
  • Blood Glucose / analysis
  • China
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Diabetes Mellitus / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus / diagnosis*
  • Diabetes Mellitus / ethnology
  • Female
  • Glucose Tolerance Test
  • Glycated Hemoglobin / analysis*
  • Humans
  • Hyperglycemia / blood
  • Hyperglycemia / diagnosis*
  • Hyperglycemia / epidemiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prediabetic State / blood
  • Prediabetic State / diagnosis*
  • ROC Curve
  • Reference Standards
  • Risk Factors
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Sex Factors
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Glycated Hemoglobin A