Clinical course of a cohort with type 2 diabetes mellitus after endocrine assessment. A 26-week study

Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr (Engl Ed). 2018 Apr;65(4):220-228. doi: 10.1016/j.endinu.2017.11.006. Epub 2018 Feb 1.
[Article in English, Spanish]

Abstract

Objective: To assess the degree of metabolic control and hypoglycemic treatments in a cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after evaluation in an endocrinology clinic.

Material and methods: A prospective cohort study on 465 patients with T2DM who were not being monitored at an endocrinology clinic. Blood glucose control data and treatments received were recorded at an initial visit and after 26 weeks of follow-up.

Results: Baseline glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level was 8.3±1.8%, as compared to 6.6±0.9% after 26 weeks of follow-up (P<.0001). The proportion of patients with HbA1c levels <7% increased from 33.1% to 71.3% (P<.0001). In 59.9% of patients, a decrease ≥0.8% in HbA1c was seen. In the multivariate analysis, variables predicting for an improvement in the degree of metabolic control were older age (OR 1.038; 95%CI 1-1.07; P=.041), higher baseline HbA1c values (OR 5.51; 95%CI 3.4-9; P<.0001), T2DM duration <5 years (OR 4.63; 95%CI 1.6-13.3; P=.005), and change in hypoglycemic treatment (OR 2.77, 95%CI 1.1-6.9; P=.03). Hypoglycemic therapy was changed in 75.1% of study patients with T2DM. After 26 weeks of follow-up, decreases were seen in both the proportion of patients who receiveding no treatment (from 7% to 0.3%, P<.0001) and the proportions of patients on oral antidiabetic therapy (60.9% vs 55.5%, P=.003) and insulin (10.5% vs 6.2%, P=.021). However, the proportion of patients receiving insulin combined with oral antidiabetic drugs increased from 21.1% to 38% (P<.0001).

Conclusions: An improved metabolic control was seen in this cohort of patients with T2DM after their evaluation in an endocrinology clinic. However, HbA1c levels <7% were not achieved in 28.7% of patients, which shows the difficulty to achieve adequate control in clinical practice.

Keywords: Blood glucose control; Control glucémico; Diabetes tipo 2; Glycosylated hemoglobin; Hemoglobina glucosilada; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

MeSH terms

  • Blood Glucose / analysis
  • Cohort Studies
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / metabolism
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Hypoglycemic Agents