S-oxiracetam ameliorates ischemic stroke induced neuronal apoptosis through up-regulating α7 nAChR and PI3K / Akt / GSK3β signal pathway in rats

Neurochem Int. 2018 May:115:50-60. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.01.008. Epub 2018 Jan 19.

Abstract

Ischemic stroke, the main reason for severe disabilities in the world, is associated with a high incidence of sensorimotor and cognitive dysfunction. In this study, we use the middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model in rats and oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model in fetal rat primary cortical neurons to investigate whether and how S-oxiracetam (S-ORC) protect brain injury from ischemic stroke. The results revealed that S-ORC reduced brain infarct size and lessened neurological dysfunction after stroke. Further study demonstrated that S-ORC diminished TUNEL positive cells, increased cell viability, decreased LDH activity, and inhibited cell apoptotic rate. Furthermore, S-ORC inhibited neuronal apoptosis by activating the PI3K/Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway via α7 nAChR, which was evidenced by α7 nAChR siRNA. In conclusion, our findings strongly suggest that S-ORC could be used as an effective neuroprotective agent for ischemic stroke due to its effect in preventing neuronal apoptosis.

Keywords: Apoptosis; GSK3β; Ischemic stroke; S-oxiracetam; α7 nAChR.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects*
  • Brain Ischemia / drug therapy*
  • Brain Ischemia / metabolism
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / drug therapy
  • Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / metabolism
  • Male
  • Neurons / drug effects
  • Neurons / metabolism
  • Neuroprotective Agents / pharmacology
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / drug effects
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism
  • Pyrrolidines / pharmacology*
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Reperfusion Injury / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Stroke / drug therapy*
  • Stroke / metabolism
  • Transcriptional Activation / drug effects

Substances

  • Neuroprotective Agents
  • Pyrrolidines
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • oxiracetam