Combination of separation and spectroscopic analytical techniques: application to compositional analysis of a minor citrus species

Nat Prod Res. 2018 Nov;32(21):2596-2602. doi: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1428597. Epub 2018 Jan 22.

Abstract

The composition of juice and essential oil of Citrus limetta Risso was investigated. Multidimensional and enantio-gas chromatography were used for the elucidation of the volatile profile and the assessment of enantiomeric distribution. Predominant compounds were linalyl acetate (13.06 g/100 g), β-pinene (6.79 g/100 g), myrcene (1.40 g/100 g) and sabinene (1.05 g/100 g). Through a β-cyclodextrin column eight chiral pairs were separated, equally distributed between laevorotatory and dextrorotatory enantiomers. Liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole ESI-MS and PDA detection showed the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds (791.34 ± 36.83 and 32.97 ± 1.92 mg L-1, respectively) in the juice. Sugars (i.e. glucose 202.23 ± 26.81 and fructose 146.73 ± 3.17 mM, respectively), aminoacids (i.e. proline 29.40 ± 3.78 and GABA 8.90 ± 0.95 mM) and organic acids (i.e. citrate 4.68 ± 0.81 mM) were determined in juice by means of 1H NMR spectroscopy.

Keywords: Citrus limetta Risso; NMR; enantiomer; heartcutting; juice; polyphenols.

MeSH terms

  • Acyclic Monoterpenes
  • Alkenes / isolation & purification*
  • Bicyclic Monoterpenes
  • Bridged Bicyclo Compounds / isolation & purification*
  • Chromatography, Gas
  • Chromatography, Liquid
  • Citrus / chemistry*
  • Flavonoids / isolation & purification
  • Fruit / chemistry
  • Italy
  • Monoterpenes / isolation & purification*
  • Oils, Volatile / chemistry*
  • Phenols / isolation & purification
  • Phytochemicals / isolation & purification
  • Spectrum Analysis
  • Stereoisomerism

Substances

  • Acyclic Monoterpenes
  • Alkenes
  • Bicyclic Monoterpenes
  • Bridged Bicyclo Compounds
  • Flavonoids
  • Monoterpenes
  • Oils, Volatile
  • Phenols
  • Phytochemicals
  • myrcene
  • beta-pinene
  • linalyl acetate
  • sabinene