Oxidative Mechanochemistry: Direct, Room-Temperature, Solvent-Free Conversion of Palladium and Gold Metals into Soluble Salts and Coordination Complexes

Abstract

Noble metals are valued, critical elements whose chemical activation or recycling is challenging, and traditionally requires high temperatures, strong acids or bases, or aggressive complexation agents. By using elementary palladium and gold, demonstrated here is the use of mechanochemistry for noble-metal activation and recycling by mild, clean, solvent-free, and room-temperature chemistry. The process leads to direct, efficient, one-pot conversion of the metals, including spent catalysts, into either simple water-soluble salts or metal-organic catalysts.

Keywords: coordination chemistry; green chemistry; mechanochemistry; noble metals; sustainability.