Isolated and modulated effects of topology and material type on the mechanical properties of additively manufactured porous biomaterials

R Hedayati; S M Ahmadi; K Lietaert; B Pouran; Y Li; H Weinans; C D Rans; A A Zadpoor

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.12.029

Isolated and modulated effects of topology and material type on the mechanical properties of additively manufactured porous biomaterials

J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2018 Mar:79:254-263. doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.12.029. Epub 2018 Jan 4.

Authors

R Hedayati¹, S M Ahmadi², K Lietaert³, B Pouran⁴, Y Li², H Weinans⁵, C D Rans⁶, A A Zadpoor²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD, Delft, The Netherlands; Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan100, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands. Electronic address: r.hedayati@tudelft.nl.
² Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD, Delft, The Netherlands.
³ 3D Systems-LayerWise NV, Grauwmeer 14, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
⁴ Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD, Delft, The Netherlands; Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan100, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
⁵ Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime, and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Mekelweg 2, 2628 CD, Delft, The Netherlands; Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan100, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Rheumatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan100, 3584CX Utrecht, The Netherlands.
⁶ Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, Delft University of Technology, 2629 HS Delft, The Netherlands.

PMID: 29335192
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.12.029

Abstract

In this study, we tried to quantify the isolated and modulated effects of topological design and material type on the mechanical properties of AM porous biomaterials. Towards this aim, we assembled a large dataset comprising the mechanical properties of AM porous biomaterials with different topological designs (i.e. different unit cell types and relative densities) and material types. Porous structures were additively manufactured from Co-Cr using a selective laser melting (SLM) machine and tested under quasi-static compression. The normalized mechanical properties obtained from those structures were compared with mechanical properties available from our previous studies for porous structures made from Ti-6Al-4V and pure titanium as well as with analytical solutions. The normalized values of elastic modulus and yield stress were found to be relatively close to each other as well as in agreement with analytical solutions regardless of material type. However, the material type was found to systematically affect the mechanical properties of AM porous biomaterials in general and the post-elastic/post-yield range (plateau stress and energy absorption capacity) in particular. To put this in perspective, topological design could cause up to 10-fold difference in the mechanical properties of AM porous biomaterials while up to 2-fold difference was observed as a consequence of changing the material type.

Keywords: Microstructure; additive manufacturing; porous biomaterial; selective laser melting.

MeSH terms

Biocompatible Materials*
Elastic Modulus
Materials Testing*
Porosity
Stress, Mechanical

Substances

Biocompatible Materials