Objective: To examine the status and related factors for gestational weight gain of Chinese pregnant women at different trimesters in 2010-2012. Methods: Participants were from Chinese National Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012. Using a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method, we recruited 2 805 singleton pregnant women with gestational age 13 weeks or more from 31 provinces of China. A standard questionnaire was used to collect general information and pre-pregnancy weight; body weight and height of pregnant women were measured using a unified weighing scale and stadiometer, dietary intake during the previous year was collected using a food frequency questionnaire. A multiple logistic regression was used to analyze potential factors associated with appropriate gestational weight gain. Results: Among 2 805 pregnant women, 1 441 were in the second (13-27 weeks) and 1 364 in the third trimesters (≥28 weeks) . In the 2(nd) trimester, 229 cases (15.9%), 440 cases (30.5%) and 772 cases (53.6%) were insufficient gestational weight gain, appropriate gestational weight gain and excessive gestational weight gain respectively. So were 256 cases (18.8%), 474 cases (34.8%), 634 cases (46.5%) in the 3(rd) trimester respectively. In the multivariate unconditional logistic model, less fruit intake was associated with insufficient weight gain for women in the 2(nd) trimester (OR (95%CI): 1.58 (1.06-2.34)). Pregnant women with Han ethnicity who live in the small/medium city had lower risk of insufficient weight gain in the 3(rd) trimester (OR (95%CI): 0.58 (0.34-0.98)). Those pregnant women with physical activity <1 hour/day had a higher risk of excessive weight gain (OR (95%CI): 1.33 (1.02-1.73)). Conclusion: The prevalence of appropriate gestational weight gain was low in China. Our study suggests that pregnant weight gain is associated with fruit intake, types of residential area and physical activity.
目的： 了解2010—2012年中国孕妇不同孕期增重状况及其相关因素。 方法： 2010—2012年中国居民营养与健康状况监测采用多阶段分层与人口成比例的整群随机抽样方法，调查对象中国内地31个省份单胎妊娠且孕周≥13周的孕妇2 805名。采用问卷调查收集孕妇基本情况和孕前体重等信息；采用统一的体重称和身高计测量孕妇体重和身高，通过食物频率法收集调查对象最近1年的膳食摄入状况。采用多因素非条件logistic回归模型分析孕期增重适量的相关因素。 结果： 2 805名孕妇中，1 441名处于孕中期（13~27孕周），1 364名处于孕晚期（≥28孕周）。孕期增重不足、适宜和过多者在孕中期孕妇分别为229名（15.9%）、440名（30.5%）和772名（53.6%），在孕晚期孕妇中分别为256名（18.8%）、474名（34.8%）、634名（46.5%）。多因素非条件logistic回归模型分析提示，孕中期增重不足与摄入水果有关[OR(95%CI)：1.58（1.06~2.34）]，居住于中小城市的汉族孕妇出现孕晚期增重不足的OR（95%CI）值为0.58（0.34~0.98），活动时间<1 h的孕妇发生孕晚期增重过多的OR（95%CI）值为1.33（1.02~1.73）。 结论： 中国孕妇孕期增重适宜率较低，水果摄入量、居住地区和运动时间可能与孕期增重状况相关。.
Keywords: Body weight changes; Cross-sectional study; Pregnant women.