Within five years, the CRISPR-Cas system has emerged as the dominating tool for genome engineering, while also changing the speed and efficiency of metabolic engineering in conventional (Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe) and non-conventional (Yarrowia lipolytica, Pichia pastoris syn. Komagataella phaffii, Kluyveromyces lactis, Candida albicans and C. glabrata) yeasts. Especially in S. cerevisiae, an extensive toolbox of advanced CRISPR-related applications has been established, including crisprTFs and gene drives. The comparison of innovative CRISPR-Cas expression strategies in yeasts presented here may also serve as guideline to implement and refine CRISPR-Cas systems for highly efficient genome editing in other eukaryotic organisms.
Keywords: CRISPR-Cas; Candida albicans/glabrata; Expression optimization; Metabolic engineering; Pichia pastoris; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Schizosaccharomyces pombe; Synthetic biology; Yarrowia lipolytica; Yeasts.
Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.