Detection of Hypoxia and HIF in Paraffin-Embedded Tumor Tissues

Methods Mol Biol. 2018:1742:277-282. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7665-2_24.

Abstract

Hypoxia (insufficient O2 availability) is involved in various biological processes, such as tumorigenesis and inflammation. Hypoxia results in stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) including HIF1α and HIF2α. Here we describe a protocol to detect mouse and human tissue hypoxia by using Hypoxyprobe and immunohistochemical staining for HIF1α and HIF2α.

Keywords: HIF1α; HIF2α; Hypoxia; Hypoxyprobe; Immunohistochemistry.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors
  • Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / metabolism*
  • Cell Hypoxia
  • Humans
  • Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / metabolism*
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Mice
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Paraffin Embedding

Substances

  • Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors
  • HIF1A protein, human
  • Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit
  • endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1