Multiple entry pathways within the efflux transporter AcrB contribute to multidrug recognition

Nat Commun. 2018 Jan 9;9(1):124. doi: 10.1038/s41467-017-02493-1.

Abstract

AcrB is the major multidrug exporter in Escherichia coli. Although several substrate-entrances have been identified, the specificity of these various transport paths remains unclear. Here we present evidence for a substrate channel (channel 3) from the central cavity of the AcrB trimer, which is connected directly to the deep pocket without first passing the switch-loop and the proximal pocket . Planar aromatic cations, such as ethidium, prefer channel 3 to channels 1 and 2. The efflux through channel 3 increases by targeted mutations and is not in competition with the export of drugs such as minocycline and erythromycin through channels 1 and 2. A switch-loop mutant, in which the pathway from the proximal to the deep pocket is hindered, can export only channel 3-utilizing drugs. The usage of multiple entrances thus contributes to the recognition and transport of a wide range of drugs with different physicochemical properties.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / genetics*
  • Escherichia coli / drug effects
  • Escherichia coli / genetics
  • Escherichia coli / metabolism
  • Escherichia coli Proteins / chemistry
  • Escherichia coli Proteins / genetics*
  • Escherichia coli Proteins / metabolism
  • Ethidium / chemistry
  • Ethidium / metabolism
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Models, Molecular
  • Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins / chemistry
  • Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins / genetics*
  • Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins / metabolism
  • Mutation
  • Protein Domains
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Signal Transduction / genetics*

Substances

  • AcrB protein, E coli
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Escherichia coli Proteins
  • Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins
  • Ethidium