Design, synthesis and biological evaluations of novel pyridone-thiazole hybrid molecules as antitumor agents

Abstract

A hybrid pharmacophore approach was adopted to design and synthesize new series of pyridone-thiazole hybrid compounds. The structures of the compounds were established by IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and HRMS. All the newly prepared compounds (3a-3m) were in vitro evaluated for their antiproliferative activity against three human cancer cell lines, namely Colon cancer (HCT-116), gastric carcinoma (MGC803) and hepatocellular cancer (Huh7). Bioassay results demonstrated that most of the tested compounds showed potent anti-tumor activities against various cancer cells in vitro, and some compounds exhibited stronger effects than positive control 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). Compound 3b showed the best anti-tumor activity with IC₅₀ values of 8.17 μM and 3.15 μM against HCT116 and MGC803 cell lines, respectively, which was 1.4-8.1 times more potent than 5-Fluorouracil (IC₅₀ = 11.29 μM and 25.54 μM against HCT116 and MGC803 respectively). These findings suggest that compound 3b may have potential to be developed as a promising lead for the design of novel anticancer small-molecule drugs.

Keywords: Antitumor activity; Hybrids; Pyridone; Synthesis; Thiazole.