Custom Implant for Reconstruction of Mandibular Continuity Defect

J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2018 Jun;76(6):1370-1376. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2017.12.003. Epub 2017 Dec 13.

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the daily food intake rate and the rate of screw loosening between 2 groups of rabbits with mandibular continuity defects: custom implant (CI) group and 5-hole mini-plate group.

Materials and methods: Two types of cylindrical implants were printed, and their physical strength was compared. In this study using rabbits, 1 group (n = 5) received a CI for the reconstruction of a mandibular continuity defect (CI group) and the other group (n = 5) received a 5-hole mini-plate without a bone graft (reconstruction plate [RP] group). After reconstruction, the daily food intake rate and the rate of screw loosening were examined postoperatively. Histologic examination in the CI group was performed 3 months after the operation.

Results: The design that mimicked the mandible showed greater physical strength. The amount of time required to achieve 50% recovery was shorter in the CI group than in the RP group (P = .011). The total number of loosened screws in the CI group was lower than that in the RP group at 3 months postoperatively (P = .008). New bone formation in the porous CI was evident in the CI group.

Conclusions: Rabbits with mandibular continuity defects treated with CIs for reconstruction showed faster recovery of the daily food intake rate and fewer loosened screws than those treated with a 5-hole mini-plate without bone graft.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bone Plates*
  • Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
  • Eating
  • Mandibular Reconstruction* / instrumentation
  • Printing, Three-Dimensional
  • Prosthesis Design*
  • Prosthesis Failure
  • Rabbits
  • Random Allocation
  • Surgical Mesh