Adolescent Trajectories of Aerobic Fitness and Adiposity as Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Adulthood

S A Jackowski; J C Eisenmann; L B Sherar; D A Bailey; A D G Baxter-Jones

doi:10.1155/2017/6471938

Adolescent Trajectories of Aerobic Fitness and Adiposity as Markers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Adulthood

J Obes. 2017:2017:6471938. doi: 10.1155/2017/6471938. Epub 2017 Nov 27.

Authors

S A Jackowski¹, J C Eisenmann², L B Sherar³, D A Bailey^{1

4}, A D G Baxter-Jones¹

Affiliations

¹ College of Kinesiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
² Deparment of Radiology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
³ School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
⁴ School of Human Movement Studies, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate whether adolescent growth trajectories of aerobic fitness and adiposity were associated with mid-adulthood cardiometabolic risk (CMR).

Methods: Participants were drawn from the Saskatchewan Growth and Development Study (1963-1973). Adolescent growth trajectories for maximal aerobic capacity (absolute VO₂ (AbsVO₂)), skinfolds (SF), representing total body (Sum6SF) and central adiposity (TrunkSF), and body mass index (BMI) were determined from 7 to 17 years of age. In mid-adulthood (40 to 50 years of age), 61 individuals (23 females) returned for follow-ups. A CMR score was calculated to group participants as displaying either high or a low CMR. Multilevel hierarchical models were constructed, comparing the adolescent growth trajectories of AbsVO_2, Sum6SF, TrunkSF, and BMI between CMR groupings.

Results: There were no significant differences in the adolescent development of AbsVO_2, Sum6SF, TrunkSF, and BMI between adult CMR groupings (p > 0.05). Individuals with high CMR accrued 62% greater adjusted total body fat percentage from adolescence to adulthood (p=0.03).

Conclusions: Growth trajectories of adolescent aerobic fitness and adiposity do not appear to be associated with mid-adulthood CMR. Individuals should be encouraged to participate in behaviours that promote healthy aerobic fitness and adiposity levels throughout life to reduce lifelong CMR.

MeSH terms

Adiposity*
Adolescent
Adult
Body Mass Index
Cardiorespiratory Fitness*
Cardiovascular Diseases / epidemiology*
Child
Female
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Middle Aged
Risk Factors
Saskatchewan

Grants and funding

ROP-85582/CIHR/Canada