Histone modifiers: Dynamic regulators of the cutaneous transcriptome

J Dermatol Sci. 2018 Mar;89(3):226-232. doi: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.12.006. Epub 2017 Dec 18.

Abstract

By regulating the accessibility of the genome, epigenetic regulators such as histone proteins and the chromatin-modifying enzymes that act upon them control gene expression. Proper regulation of this "histone code" allows for the precise control of transcriptional networks that are essential for establishing and maintaining cell fate and identity, disruption of which may drive carcinogenesis. How these dynamic epigenetic regulators contribute to both skin homeostasis and disease is only beginning to be understood. Here we provide an update of the current understanding of histone modifiers in the skin. Indeed, as one of the most innovative and rapidly expanding areas in all of medicine, it is clear that epigenome-targeting therapies hold great promise for the treatment of dermatological diseases in the coming years.

Keywords: Chromatin; Epidermal differentiation; Epigenetics; HDACs; Histone modification; Skin cancer; Wound healing.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Epigenesis, Genetic
  • Histone Acetyltransferases / physiology
  • Histone Deacetylases / physiology
  • Histone Demethylases / physiology
  • Histones / genetics*
  • Histones / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Skin / metabolism*
  • Skin Diseases / drug therapy
  • Transcriptome*

Substances

  • Histones
  • Histone Demethylases
  • Histone Acetyltransferases
  • Histone Deacetylases