Routine use of anticoagulation after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: Initial safety outcomes from a single-center experience

Cardiovasc Revasc Med. 2018 Jul-Aug;19(5 Pt B):621-625. doi: 10.1016/j.carrev.2017.12.001. Epub 2017 Dec 6.

Abstract

Background: Subclinical leaflet thrombosis (SCLT) can be seen in up to 12% of patients after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Anticoagulation appears to prevent and reverse SCLT but concerns exist about bleeding risk.

Methods: Our program adopted a strategy of routine anticoagulation after TAVR, starting warfarin on post-procedure day 0 and continuing for 3months in 10/2015. We report the initial safety and efficacy outcomes of this approach. Bleeding events were assessed using Valve Academic Research Consortium (VARC) and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) definitions.

Results: The median (IQR) age of the population (n=191) was 82years (72-87) and the median (IQR) STS score was 5.6% (3-8). A total of 101 (53%) patients were discharged on anticoagulation (warfarin 97%) while 90 (47%) received antiplatelet therapy alone. The mean duration of anticoagulation therapy was 81±17 days. During follow-up 7 patients (4%) had a stroke or TIA, 3 (3%) in the anticoagulation group and 4 (4%) in the antiplatelet group (p=0.71). A total of 8 patients (4.2%) had BARC bleeding events during follow-up, 3 patients in the anticoagulation group (2.9%) and 5 in the antiplatelet group (5.5%, p=0.48). All bleeding events (VARC and BARC) were numerically lower in the anticoagulation group (8% versus 13%, p=0.20).

Conclusions: A strategy of routine anticoagulation for 3-months after TAVR is well tolerated and associated with similar or lower bleeding risk compared to antiplatelet therapy.

Keywords: Anticoagulation; Outcomes; Safety; Transcatheter valve replacement.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anticoagulants / administration & dosage*
  • Anticoagulants / adverse effects
  • Aortic Valve / diagnostic imaging
  • Aortic Valve / physiopathology
  • Aortic Valve / surgery*
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Female
  • Fibrinolytic Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Fibrinolytic Agents / adverse effects
  • Heart Valve Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Heart Valve Diseases / physiopathology
  • Heart Valve Diseases / surgery*
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis
  • Hemorrhage / chemically induced
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Minnesota
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Thrombosis / diagnostic imaging
  • Thrombosis / etiology
  • Thrombosis / prevention & control*
  • Time Factors
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement* / adverse effects
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement* / instrumentation
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Warfarin / administration & dosage*
  • Warfarin / adverse effects

Substances

  • Anticoagulants
  • Fibrinolytic Agents
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
  • Warfarin