Pharmacological evaluation of smooth muscle relaxant and cardiac-modulation potential of Phyla nodiflora in ex-vivo and in-vivo experiments

Hafiz Muhammad Abdur Rahman; Khaled Ahmed; Muhammad Fawad Rasool; Imran Imran

doi:10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.10.021

Pharmacological evaluation of smooth muscle relaxant and cardiac-modulation potential of Phyla nodiflora in ex-vivo and in-vivo experiments

Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2017 Dec;10(12):1146-1153. doi: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.10.021. Epub 2017 Oct 31.

Authors

Hafiz Muhammad Abdur Rahman¹, Khaled Ahmed¹, Muhammad Fawad Rasool¹, Imran Imran²

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800, Multan, Pakistan.
² Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, 60800, Multan, Pakistan. Electronic address: imran.ch@bzu.edu.pk.

PMID: 29268970
DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.10.021

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the pharmacological basis of its uses of Phyla nodiflora (P. nodiflora) for the treatment of anomalies predominantly by smooth muscle containing tissues such as gastrointestinal/vascular/broncho spasm and cardiovascular modulation.

Methods: The crude hydroalcoholic extract of P. nodiflora (Pn.Cr) and its fractions were evaluated on isolated rabbit jejunum, rat trachea, aorta and atrium. To access the contractile or relaxant effects of testing materials, the tissues were mounted in isolated organ bath and responses were recorded with transducers coupled with data acquisition system. BALB/c mice were challenged with castor oil for the assessment of in-vivo antidiarrheal activity. Normotensive rats were used for in-vivo hypotensive study.

Results: Hydroalcoholic extract of Pn.Cr at variable concentrations inhibited the natural spontaneous rhythm and 80 mmol/L K⁺ mediated contractions in isolated segment of jejunum with EC₅₀ values of 3.18 and 1.91 mg/mL respectively. Verapamil, a Ca²⁺ channel blocker, demonstrated akin pattern in jejunum and therefore possibly suggesting calcium blocking activity. On isolated rat tracheal tissue, Pn.Cr showed relaxation of high-K⁺ and carbachol mediated contractions (EC₅₀ values: 1.24 and 2.42 mg/mL). Pn.Cr treatment relaxed the rat aortic ring in a cumulative doses with high-K⁺ and phenylephrine-induced contractions (EC₅₀ values 0.25 and 0.92 mg/mL). Activity based fractionation of Pn.Cr showed that dichloromethane fraction was more potent for relaxing the tissues spasm compared to aqueous fraction. In-vivo experiments, significant protection by Pn.Cr (P < 0.05) was observed in castor oil-induced diarrhea (50-500 mg/kg) whereas hypotensive effect in anesthetized rats was seen at the dose range of 1-10 mg/kg of Pn.Cr (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: This study suggests the blockage of calcium channel in the smooth muscles as a pharmacological application to make usage of P. nodiflora in the management of diarrhea, asthma and hypotensive effect.

Keywords: Antiasthmatic; Antidiarrheal; Calcium channel blocking activity; Hypotensive; Phyla nodiflora.