Lentinula edodes β-glucan enriched diet induces pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages in rabbit

Helena Crespo; Hugo Guillén; Lorena de Pablo-Maiso; Carmen Gómez-Arrebola; Gregorio Rodríguez; Idoia Glaria; Damián de Andrés; Ramsés Reina

doi:10.1080/16546628.2017.1412791

Lentinula edodes β-glucan enriched diet induces pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages in rabbit

Food Nutr Res. 2017 Dec 12;61(1):1412791. doi: 10.1080/16546628.2017.1412791. eCollection 2017.

Authors

Helena Crespo¹, Hugo Guillén², Lorena de Pablo-Maiso¹, Carmen Gómez-Arrebola¹, Gregorio Rodríguez³, Idoia Glaria¹, Damián de Andrés¹, Ramsés Reina¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Animal Health, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología (UPNA-CSIC-Gob. de Navarra; IdAB), Navarra, Spain.
² Glucanfeed, Calahorra, Spain.
³ Cunicultura Villamalea, Albacete, Spain.

Abstract

β-glucans exhibited in cell walls of several pathogens as bacteria or fungi are sensed by pathogen recognition receptors such as scavenger receptors present in antigen presenting cells, i.e., macrophages. β-glucans obtained from Shiitake mushrooms were chemically characterized. A β-glucan supplemented diet was assayed for 30 days in rabbits aiming to characterize the immune response elicited in blood-derived macrophages. M1 and M2 profiles of macrophage differentiation were confirmed in rabbits by in vitro stimulation with IFN-γ and IL-4 and marker quantification of each differentiation pathway. Blood derived macrophages from rabbits administered in vivo with the β-glucan supplemented diet showed higher IL-4, IFN-γ and RAGE together with lower IL-10 relative expression, indicative of an ongoing immune response. Differences in IL-1β, IL-13 and IL-4 expression were also found in rabbit sera by ELISA suggesting further stimulation of the adaptive response. Recent challenges in the rabbit industry include the search of diet supplements able to elicit an immune stimulation with particular interest in facing pathogens such as viruses or bacteria. β-glucans from fungi may contribute to maintain an immune steady state favouring protection and thus reducing antibiotic treatment.

Keywords: Fungal β-Glucan; diet; macrophages; polarization; rabbit.

Grants and funding

This work was funded by MAGRAMA, IDi 2014 (REF.: 20140020001815), CDTI(Ref.: IDI 20140852) and ADER (Ref.: 2013-l-lDD-00074). We acknowledge Pedro Aguilar as the Project Manager and Nanta for helping in preparing experimental diets. We want to acknowledge José Parreño García and EduardoGonzález García for their invaluable collaboration in animal farms. Ramsés Reina was supported by Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation‘Ramón y Cajal’ contract.