Rationale: Behcet's disease (BD) is a rare systemic vasculitis disorder that can involve vessels of any size.
Patient concerns: A 60-year-old female had recurrent painful mouth ulcers about 30 years ago and recently presented with abdominal distension, conjunctival congestion, and chest pain in sequence.
Diagnoses: The patient was diagnosed with BD according to the International Criteria for Behcet's Disease (ICBD).
Interventions: A therapy of glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide was administered.
Outcomes: After a 3-month treatment, follow-up examination showed a depression of the inflammation and a slight decrease of the arterial aneurysms.
Lessons: BD patients may get a delayed diagnosis because of the long duration between the first and subsequent manifestations. Suspect patients should be followed-up and the diagnosis of BD should be considered when multiple tissues or organs are involved.