A 14-Protein Signature for Rapid Identification of Poor Prognosis Stage III Metastatic Melanoma

Abstract

Purpose: To validate differences in protein levels between good and poor prognosis American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage III melanoma patients and compile a protein panel to stratify patient risk.

Experimental design: Protein extracts from melanoma metastases within lymph nodes in patients with stage III disease with good (n = 16, >4 years survival) and poor survival (n = 14, <2 years survival) were analyzed by selected reaction monitoring (SRM). Diagonal Linear Discriminant Analysis (DLDA) was performed to generate a protein biomarker panel.

Results: SRM analysis identified ten proteins that were differentially abundant between good and poor prognosis stage III melanoma patients. The ten differential proteins were combined with 22 proteins identified in our previous work. A panel of 14 proteins was selected by DLDA that was able to accurately classify patients into prognostic groups based on levels of these proteins.

Conclusions and clinical relevance: The ten differential proteins identified by SRM have biological significance in cancer progression. The final signature of 14 proteins identified by SRM could be used to identify AJCC stage III melanoma patients likely to have poor outcomes who may benefit from adjuvant systemic therapy.

Keywords: biomarker; melanoma; prognosis; protein profile; selected reaction monitoring.