[Processes of attention to children and adolescents under 20 years in La Castañeda: evolution of the concept of childhood in psychiatry]

Salud Publica Mex. 2017 Jul-Aug;59(4):468-476. doi: 10.21149/8520.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Today, there is evidence that shows that children and adolescents can experience developmental problems and psychiatric disorders. This was possible because of two main reasons, the evolution of the concept of infancy and the progress made in medical and psychiatric diagnostic classification. This manuscript offers a glance to early psychiatric attention in Mexico, particularly the care processes provided to 36 children and adolescents under twenty, admitted in the mental asylum La Castañeda, during the first half of the XX century. Admission causes, length of stay, diagnosis, treatment and discharge motives, are some of the aspects described in this study. Finally, it also reflects about the challenge it is for a child psychiatric hospital nowadays, with such a history, to become an innovative institution able to claim a place in the medical field in favor of those minors that can barely defend themselves.

Resumen: Existe evidencia de que los niños y adolescentes pueden presentar problemas del desarrollo y trastornos psiquiátricos. Lo anterior es consecuencia del concepto de infancia y del refinamiento de las clasificaciones diagnósticas médico-psiquiátricas. Este artículo ofrece una mirada sobre los procesos de atención psiquiátrica brindados a 36 niños y adolescentes admitidos en el Manicomio La Castañeda en la primera mitad del siglo XX. Motivo de ingreso, tiempo de estancia, diagnósticos establecidos, tratamiento y motivo de egreso son algunos de los aspectos que se describen. Finalmente, se reflexiona sobre la existencia de un hospital psiquiátrico infantil, que siendo testimonio del pasado, tiene al mismo tiempo el desafío de convertirse en una institución innovadora; sitio que en el ámbito de las especialidades médicas reclama la psiquiatría infantil a favor de los menores que difícilmente pueden abogar por sí mismos.

Publication types

  • Historical Article

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adolescent Health Services / history*
  • Adolescent, Institutionalized* / psychology
  • Child
  • Child Health Services / history*
  • Child Psychiatry / history*
  • Child, Institutionalized* / psychology
  • Developmental Disabilities / epidemiology
  • Developmental Disabilities / history
  • Developmental Disabilities / therapy
  • Diagnosis-Related Groups
  • History, 20th Century
  • Humans
  • Mexico
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders / epidemiology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders / history
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders / therapy
  • Residential Facilities / history
  • Residential Treatment
  • Socioeconomic Factors