Phase angle is related with inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in older women

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the relation between phase angle (PhA) and inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers in older women.

Methods: One hundred and fifty-five physically independent older women participated in this study (67.7±5.7years, 27.0±4.4kg/m²). Inflammatory markers included interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and acute phase reactive protein (CRP). Oxidative stress biomarkers comprised superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and total radical-trapping antioxidant potential (TRAP). A spectral bioelectrical impedance device was used to estimate resistance (R) and reactance (Xc) at frequency 50kHz, and subsequently PhA was calculated as arc-tangent (Xc/R)×180°/π. The covariates appendicular lean soft-tissue (ALST), trunk fat mass, and total body fat were determined by whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Linear regression analysis was conducted to further test if PhA is related with the dependent variables, after adjusting for potential covariates.

Results: After controlling for the potential covariates (age, trunk fat mass, ALST, and number of diseases) PhA exhibited a significant inverse relation with IL-6 (β=-0.97; P<0.01), TNF-α (β=-0.84; P<0.01), and CRP (β=-0.58; P<0.01). Conversely, PhA was significantly related to CAT (β=7.27; P<0.01), SOD (β=10.55; P<0.01) and TRAP (β=73.08; P<0.01). The AOPP did not demonstrate a significant correlation with PhA (P>0.05).

Conclusion: Our findings show that PhA is a simple and relevant explanatory variable which is related inflammatory and stress oxidative markers in physically independent older women, regardless of age, number of diseases, and body composition.

Keywords: Antioxidant capacity; Catalase; Low grade inflammation.