Titrating Oxygen Requirements During Exercise: Evaluation of a Standardized Single Walk Test Protocol

Chest. 2018 Apr;153(4):922-928. doi: 10.1016/j.chest.2017.11.009. Epub 2017 Nov 21.

Abstract

Background: Oxygen supplementation for exercise-induced hypoxemia is a common clinical practice that improves exercise tolerance. However, we know of no standardized exercise oxygen titration protocol using a single walk test. We report our experience with a protocol developed in our laboratory.

Methods: Our protocol is based on the 6-min walk test (6MWT). Pulse oximetry readings (oxygen saturation [Spo2]) are monitored, and supplemental oxygen is added in 2 L/min increments to keep Spo2 > 88%. This continues for at least 6 min of walking with the Spo2 remaining > 88% for at least 3 min. The records of consecutive patients over 4 months undergoing this procedure were reviewed for test performance, oxygen titration results, and adverse events.

Results: Two hundred twenty-two patients were tested; only two prematurely terminated the protocol because of intractable dyspnea. One hundred fifty-six patients (38%) required oxygen supplementation, with the first titration most commonly occurring between 1 and 2 min of walking. Nine of the patients had the first titration after 5 min of walking. The average test duration was 7 min (maximum, 15 min). The average number of titrations was 2.2 (maximum six). Sixteen patients could not maintain Spo2 > 88% for 3 min despite administration of 15 L/min of supplemental oxygen (maximal dose).

Conclusions: Our protocol was easily performed as a modification of a standard 6MWT with no serious adverse events. Because it is based on a widely accepted measurement of functional capabilities, and because it determined a stable final oxygen dose for ≥ 3 min of walking in most patients, we believe this protocol can be easily adapted for clinical use.

Keywords: 6-min walk; desaturation; exertional desaturation; oxygen titration; titration protocol.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Chronic Disease
  • Clinical Protocols
  • Dyspnea / physiopathology
  • Dyspnea / therapy
  • Exercise / physiology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lung Diseases / physiopathology
  • Lung Diseases / therapy*
  • Lung Transplantation
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Oximetry
  • Oxygen / administration & dosage*
  • Oxygen Consumption / physiology
  • Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / physiopathology
  • Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / therapy
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Walk Test

Substances

  • Oxygen