Decrease of galectin-3 in keratinocytes: A potential diagnostic marker and a critical contributor to the pathogenesis of psoriasis

J Autoimmun. 2018 May:89:30-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.11.002. Epub 2017 Nov 20.

Abstract

Psoriasis-specific proteins dysregulated in keratinocytes and involved in the pathophysiological process of psoriasis remains elusive. We report here that epidermal galectin-3 expression is significantly downregulated in lesional skin, but not in non-lesional skin in psoriasis patients, nor in a group of diseases known as psoriasiform dermatitis clinically and histologically similar to psoriasis. The deficiency of epidermal galectin-3 is sufficient to promote development of psoriatic lesions, as evidenced by more severe skin inflammation in galectin-3 knockout (gal3-/-) mice, compared to wild-type mice, after imiquimod treatment, and in skin from gal3-/- mice grafted onto wildtype mice. The development of psoriatic-like lesions is attributable to 1) the spontaneously tuning up of psoriasis signatures in keratinocytes through JNK pathway; and 2) neutrophil accumulation caused by the enhanced leukocyte-recruiting capacity associated with overexpression of S100A7-9 and CXCL-1, 8 in keratinocytes with impaired galectin-3 expression. Psoriasis-like skin inflammation is significantly improved in gal-3-/- mice both by inhibition of neutrophils accumulation with a selective CXCR2 antagonist of SB225002, and by intracutaneous injection of recombinant galectin-3. Overall, these findings offer promising galectin-3-related diagnostic and therapeutic resolutions of psoriasis.

Keywords: Galectin-3; Keratinocyte; Neutrophil; Pathogenesis; Psoriasis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biomarkers / metabolism*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Disease Progression
  • Galectin 3 / administration & dosage
  • Galectin 3 / genetics
  • Galectin 3 / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Imiquimod
  • Inflammation / diagnosis*
  • Keratinocytes / physiology*
  • MAP Kinase Kinase 4 / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Neutrophils / immunology*
  • Phenylurea Compounds / pharmacology
  • Psoriasis / diagnosis*
  • Receptors, Interleukin-8B / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Signal Transduction
  • Skin / immunology*

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Galectin 3
  • Phenylurea Compounds
  • Receptors, Interleukin-8B
  • SB 225002
  • MAP Kinase Kinase 4
  • Imiquimod