Utility of Gram staining for diagnosis of Malassezia folliculitis

J Dermatol. 2018 Feb;45(2):228-231. doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.14120. Epub 2017 Nov 13.

Abstract

Malassezia folliculitis (MalF) mimics acne vulgaris and bacterial folliculitis in clinical presentations. The role of Gram staining in rapid diagnosis of MalF has not been well studied. In our study, 32 patients were included to investigate the utility of Gram staining for MalF diagnosis. The final diagnoses of MalF were determined according to clinical presentation, pathological result and treatment response to antifungal agents. Our results show that the sensitivity and specificity of Gram staining are 84.6% and 100%, respectively. In conclusion, Gram staining is a rapid, non-invasive, sensitive and specific method for MalF diagnosis.

Keywords: Gram staining; Malassezia folliculitis; Pityrosporum folliculitis; acne vulgaris; bacterial folliculitis.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Anti-Infective Agents / therapeutic use
  • Bacteria / isolation & purification
  • Biopsy
  • Dermatomycoses / diagnosis*
  • Dermatomycoses / drug therapy
  • Dermatomycoses / microbiology
  • Dermatomycoses / pathology
  • Female
  • Folliculitis / diagnosis*
  • Folliculitis / drug therapy
  • Folliculitis / microbiology
  • Folliculitis / pathology
  • Gentian Violet*
  • Humans
  • Malassezia / isolation & purification*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Phenazines*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Skin / microbiology
  • Skin / pathology
  • Staining and Labeling / methods*
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Gram's stain
  • Phenazines
  • Gentian Violet