Hand Rejuvenation by Targeted Volume Restoration of the Dorsal Fat Compartments

Abstract

Background: Recent anatomic findings suggest aging-related changes of the complex fat distribution in the hand.

Objectives: To rejuvenate the aging hand, we developed a targeted fat grafting technique based on the physiologic fat distribution of the hand.

Methods: The dorsum of both hands was examined in 30 healthy volunteers of different age utilizing B-mode ultrasound to determine physiological changes of the aging hand. Additional anatomic dissection was performed in 10 hands of five fresh cadavers to establish the anatomic basis for the targeted restoration technique. A total of 17 patients were treated for hand rejuvenation utilizing this technique and followed up for at least 6 months. The posttreatment outcome was assessed through B-mode ultrasound, 3-dimensional (3D) topography scanning, and a patient satisfaction survey.

Results: According to the fat distribution of the dorsum, hand aging was divided into three grades: (1) mild atrophy with rhytides; (2) moderate atrophy with exposed veins; and (3) serious atrophy with exposed tendons. Anatomic findings showed the existence of distinct superficial and deep fat compartments. The average fat grafting volume was 25.5 ml per hand dorsum administered in one or two procedures. Patients were monitored for 8.3 ± 2.6 months. After 6 months, a volume gain was found in all patients. The degree of aging was significantly reduced. The majority of patients (94.1%) were satisfied with their results.

Conclusions: This study provides the anatomic and clinical basis for targeted restoration of the physiological fat volume in the hand dorsum with high satisfaction rates.

Level of evidence: 4.