Aims: Primary outcome of this observational study was to compare weight changes in two groups of overweight and obese individuals: subjects who had a diet prescribed on the base of resting energy expenditure (REE) measured by indirect calorimetry and subjects whose REE was estimated by a predictive equation. In addition, we analyzed differences in weight and metabolic parameter variation in subjects with and without an adequate to predicted REE.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of 355 overweight and obese patients: 215 on a diet based on REE measured by indirect calorimetry and 140 following a diet based on REE estimated by the Harris-Benedict equation. Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were evaluated for 18 months from baseline. Propensity score adjustment was used to adjust for known differences between the groups being compared.
Results: A significant greater decrease in body weight was observed in the group that underwent indirect calorimetry compared to the group that did not undergo it (p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed between patients with not adequate to predicted REE compared to patients with adequate to predicted REE.
Conclusions: A weight reduction program based on REE measurement appears more effective than a dietary program based on predictive formulas. This study suggests the routine use of indirect calorimetry in all weight reduction procedures.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03233568.
Keywords: BMI; Harris–Benedict equation; Indirect calorimetry; Obesity; Overweight; Weight loss.