Ganglioneuromas are slow growing, clinically silent benign tumors for which surgery is considered to be the standard treatment. However, surgical excision in cases where surrounding structures are involved can be challenging. The present study reports a novel technique of ex vivo excision for the management of a retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma in a 21-year old patient, that appeared to be inoperable using standard surgical resection. Preoperative investigations revealed a large tumor with encasement of the origins of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and bilateral renal arteries. Initially, to prevent the need to explant the liver, the distal SMA (with takeoff of the replaced common hepatic artery) was anastomosed to the splenic artery. The bulk of the tumor along with the bilateral kidneys was mobilized from the retroperitoneum, and the aorta and inferior vena cava (IVC) were cross-clamped above and below the tumor and divided. The two kidneys were dissected free of the tumor at the back-table and were auto-transplanted in a standard technique following the reconstruction of the aorta and IVC. The patient tolerated surgery well and a one-year postoperative follow-up did not show any sign of tumor recurrence. Although technically demanding, ex vivo resection and auto-transplantation of the involved organs can be introduced as a final option for the treatment of tumors that are un-resectable using standard surgical techniques.
Keywords: auto-transplantation; ex vivo excision; ganglioneuroma; kidney transplantation; retroperitoneum; soft-tissue tumors.