Targeted replacement genome editing refers to DNA modification and engineering technology that could induce and achieve mutations of targeted gene replacement or knockin at a target gene or DNA region. In this review, the principles, implementation methods, factors that influence efficiency and accuracy, and applications of gene replacement editing were summarized and discussed. It provides the reference for gene functional characterization and genetic improvements through gene replacement strategies in higher plant especially crops.
基因替换编辑是通过核酸酶介导的对目标基因进行定点敲入或替换的编辑技术，可以实现目的基因的定向修饰。本文从基因替换编辑技术的原理、实现方式与影响因素、应用及其前景等进行了总结与讨论，以期为通过定点基因替换或敲入技术开展高等植物基因功能鉴定与遗传改良研究提供参考。.
Keywords: crops genetic improveme; gene function identification; targeted knock-in; targeted replacement.