Electrochemical treatment of anti-cancer drug carboplatin on mixed-metal oxides and boron doped diamond electrodes: Density functional theory modelling and toxicity evaluation

Sibel Barışçı; Ozge Turkay; Ebru Ulusoy; Gülfem Soydemir; Mine Gul Seker; Anatoli Dimoglo

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.10.029

Electrochemical treatment of anti-cancer drug carboplatin on mixed-metal oxides and boron doped diamond electrodes: Density functional theory modelling and toxicity evaluation

J Hazard Mater. 2018 Feb 15:344:316-321. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.10.029. Epub 2017 Oct 17.

Authors

Sibel Barışçı¹, Ozge Turkay², Ebru Ulusoy², Gülfem Soydemir³, Mine Gul Seker⁴, Anatoli Dimoglo⁵

Affiliations

¹ Gebze Technical University, Environmental Engineering Department, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey. Electronic address: sbarisci@gtu.edu.tr.
² Gebze Technical University, Environmental Engineering Department, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
³ TUBITAK Marmara Research Center, Environment and Cleaner Production Institute, 41470, Kocaeli, Turkey.
⁴ Gebze Technical University, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey.
⁵ Duzce University, Environmental Engineering Department, 81620, Merkez, Duzce, Turkey.

PMID: 29078184
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.10.029

Abstract

This study represents the electrooxidation of anti-cancer drug carboplatin (CrbPt) with different mixed metal oxide (MMO) and boron doped diamond (BDD) electrodes. The most effective anode was found as Ti/RuO₂ with the complete degradation of CrbPt in just 5min. The effect of applied current density, pH and electrolyte concentration on CrbPt degradation has been studied. The degradation of CrbPt significantly increased at the initial stages of the process with increasing current density. However, further increase in current density did not affect the degradation rate. While complete degradation of CrbPt was provided at pH 7, the degradation rates were 49% and 75% at pH 9 and 4, respectively. Besides, increasing supporting electrolyte (Na₂SO₄) concentration provided higher degradation rate but further increase in Na₂SO₄ concentration did not provide higher degradation rate due to excess amount of SO₄^-2. According to the DFT calculations, the formation of [Pt(NH₃)₂ (H₂O)₂]²⁺ and [Pt(NH₃)₂ (OH)₂] takes place with molecular weights of 265 and 263gmol^-1, respectively. Toxicity of treated samples at BDD and Ti/RuO₂ electrodes has been also evaluated in this study. The results showed that Ti/RuO₂ anode provided zero toxicity at the end of the process.

Keywords: Boron doped diamond; Carboplatin; Density functional theory; Mixed metal oxide; Toxicity.