Introduction: Tau hyperphosphorylation and neurofibrillary tangles are histopathologic hallmarks of tauopathies. Histamine H3-receptor antagonists have been proposed to reduce tau hyperphosphorylation in preclinical models.
Methods: We evaluated the ability of SAR110894, a selective histamine H3-receptor antagonist, to inhibit tau pathology and prevent cognitive deficits in a tau transgenic mouse model (THY-Tau22).
Results: SAR110894 treatment for 6 months (but not 2 weeks) in THY-Tau22 mice decreased both tau hyperphosphorylation at pSer396-pSer404 (AD2 signal) in the hippocampus and the number of AT8 (pSer199/202-Thr205) positive cells in the cortex and decreased the formation of neurofibrillary tangles in the cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala. Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha messenger RNA expression was decreased in the hippocampus. SAR110894 also prevented episodic memory deficits, and this effect was still detected after treatment washout.
Discussion: Long-term SAR110894 treatment could have potential disease modifying activity in neurodegenerative tauopathies.
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Cognition; Histamine H3-receptor; THY-Tau22; Tau pathology; Transgenic.