Benefit of Vasodilating β-Blockers in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Nationwide Multicenter Cohort Study

Abstract

Background: Although current guidelines recommend β-blocker after acute myocardial infarction (MI), the role of β-blocker has not been well investigated in the modern reperfusion era. In particular, the benefit of vasodilating β-blocker over conventional β-blocker is still unexplored.

Methods and results: Using nation-wide multicenter Korean Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry data, we analyzed clinical outcomes of 7127 patients with acute MI who underwent successful percutaneous coronary intervention with stents and took β-blockers: vasodilating β-blocker (n=3482), and conventional β-blocker (n=3645). In the whole population, incidence of cardiac death at 1 year was significantly lower in the vasodilating β-blocker group (vasodilating β-blockers versus conventional β-blockers, 1.0% versus 1.9%; P=0.003). In 2882 pairs of propensity score-matched population, the incidence of cardiac death was significantly lower in the vasodilating β-blocker group (1.1% versus 1.8%; P=0.028). Although incidences of MI (1.1% versus 1.5%; P=0.277), any revascularization (2.8% versus 3.0%; P=0.791), and hospitalization for heart failure (1.4% versus 1.9%; P=0.210) were not different between the 2 groups, incidences of cardiac death or MI (2.0% versus 3.1%; P=0.010), cardiac death, MI, or hospitalization for heart failure (3.0% versus 4.5%; P=0.003), cardiac death, MI, or any revascularization (3.9% versus 5.3%; P=0.026), and cardiac death, MI, any revascularization, or hospitalization for heart failure (4.8% versus 6.5%; P=0.011) were significantly lower in the vasodilating β-blocker group.

Conclusions: Vasodilating β-blocker therapy resulted in better clinical outcomes than conventional β-blocker therapy did in patients with acute MI in the modern reperfusion era. Vasodilating β-blockers could be recommended preferentially to conventional ones for acute MI patients.

Keywords: acute myocardial infarction; beta‐blocker; cohort study; prognosis; propensity score.