Naïve CD4+T cell differentiates into either Th17 or Treg in the microenvironment of various cytokines, among that, Th17 is induced by TGF-β and IL-6, while differentiates into Treg when there is only TGF-β. As the mainly transcription factors of Th17 and Treg respectively, RORγt and Foxp3 have important role in maintaining balance of Th17/Treg. Th17 and Treg are function antagonistically, so the balance of Th17/Treg means a lot for human body. Liver-a metabolic organof the body, it is susceptible to factors in vivo and in vitro. From basal hepatis to end-stage malignancy, common liver diseases are mainly including viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, autoimmune liver disease, hepatocellualr carcinoma and parasitic disease of liver, besides, the occurrence and development of all the diseases are correlated to the balance of Th17/Treg.
Th17细胞和调节性T细胞（Treg）均来自于初始CD4(+)T细胞，在不同细胞因子的微环境中分化形成，其中，Th17细胞由转化生长因子（TGF）β和白细胞介素（IL）-6共同诱导形成，而Treg细胞仅由TGFβ诱导分化而来。维甲酸相关孤儿受体γt和叉头/翅膀状螺旋因子分别为Th17细胞和Treg细胞的主要转录因子，在二者的平衡维持中具有重要作用。由于Th17细胞和Treg细胞在功能上互相拮抗，因此二者的平衡对于机体至关重要。肝脏作为机体的代谢器官，易受机体内部以及外界因素的影响而发生病变，从最基础的炎症性病变到终末阶段的恶性病变，常见的肝脏疾病主要有病毒性肝炎、酒精性肝病、非酒精性脂肪性肝病、自身免疫性肝病、肝细胞肝癌以及肝脏寄生虫疾病，这些疾病的发生、发展与Th17/Treg平衡具有一定的关联。.
Keywords: Balance of Th17/Treg; Liver diseases; Regulatory T cell(Treg); Th17 cell.