We investigated the genetic mechanisms underlying the association between human leukocyte antigen (HLA) types and the immune response to hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in 84 healthy Japanese adults, and found that the HLA-DRB1*04 and HLA-DQB1*03 frequencies were higher in the low responders (<10 mIU/ml; n=9, 10.7%) compared to the responders (≥10 mIU/ml, n=75, 89.3%). The combination of DRB1*04 and DQB1*03 was associated with a low response to vaccination. The DRB1*04 and DQB1*03 haplotypes' frequencies were significantly higher in the low responders compared to responders. Novel candidate HLA types may be important in Japanese individuals.
Keywords: HBV vaccine; HLA class II; Japanese; antibody response; low-responder.