Rifabutin-associated uveitis has been recognized as a dosage-dependent side effect. Previous studies have reported that clarithromycin or fluconazole may elevate concentrations of rifabutin through inhibition of metabolism through the cytochrome P-450 pathway. Nelfinavir is a protease inhibitor widely used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The interactions between protease inhibitors and rifabutin have not been reported in clinical practice. Therefore, we present a case of bilateral uveitis associated with coadministration of rifabutin and nelfinavir. Uveitis did not subside until discontinuation of rifabutin. To our knowledge, this is the first report of uveitis with concurrent administration of rifabutin and nelfinavir. Our finding reminds us that rifabutin dosage should be reduced when it is administered with protease inhibitors.
Keywords: nelfinavir; rifabutin; uveitis.