Evaluation of T and B memory cell responses elicited by the pandemic H1N1 vaccine in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals

Peifang Sun; Nancy F Crum-Cianflone; Gabriel Defang; Maya Williams; Anuradha Ganesan; Brian K Agan; Tahaniyat Lalani; Timothy Whitman; Carolyn Brandt; Timothy H Burgess

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.09.059

Evaluation of T and B memory cell responses elicited by the pandemic H1N1 vaccine in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals

Vaccine. 2017 Oct 27;35(45):6103-6111. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.09.059. Epub 2017 Oct 4.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Henry Jackson Foundation, United States. Electronic address: peifang.sun2.ctr@mail.mil.
² Naval Medical Center, San Diego, CA, United States.
³ Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, MD, United States.
⁴ National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, United States.
⁵ Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, United States.
⁶ Naval Medical Center Portsmouth, Portsmouth, VA, United States.

PMID: 28987439
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.09.059

Abstract

Background: This study was to compare B and T memory cells elicited by a single dose monovalent 2009 influenza A (H1N1) vaccine (strain A/California/7/2009 H1N1) in HIV⁺ and HIV^- groups, and to analyze the impact of the prior seasonal vaccines to the immunogenicity of this vaccine.

Methods: Blood samples were collected before vaccination (day 0) and at days 28 and 180. Participants were categorized into HIV^-/LAIV, HIV^-/TIV and HIV⁺/TIV subgroups according to the trivalent live-attenuated or inactivated (LAIV or TIV) seasonal influenza vaccines they received previously. The IgG⁺ memory B cells (B_Mem) and IFNγ⁺ T cells were measured against antigens including the H1N1 vaccine, the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) proteins or peptide pools of the pandemic and the seasonal H1N1 strains, respectively.

Results: Overall B_Mem responses increased significantly at day 28 but returned to baseline by day 180 in all three subgroups. The average frequency of the H1N1-specific B_Mem at day 28 for the HIV^-/LAIV, HIV^-/TIV and HIV⁺/TIV groups was 2.14%, 1.26% and 1.67%, respectively, and the average fold change was 14.39, 3.81 and 3.93, respectively. The differences of B_Mem between HIV^-/LAIV and the two TIV subgroups were significant. For the IFNγ response, the overall spot counts ranged widely between 0 and 958/10⁶ PBMCs. The group average spot counts to H1N1 vaccine was 89, 102, and 30 at day 28 for HIV^-/LAIV, HIV^-/TIV and HIV⁺/TIV subgroups, respectively. The average increase of IFNγ response at day 28 vs day 0 in all three subgroups did not reach 2-fold.

Conclusion: Participants with a prior LAIV seasonal vaccine, as compared to a TIV seasonal vaccine, responded significantly better to the monovalent H1N1 vaccine. Excluding LAIV participants, no difference was seen between the HIV⁺ and HIV^- subject groups in terms of B_Mem. The B_Mem response declined at 6months.

Keywords: B memory cells; HIV-infected participants; IFNγ T cell responses; Pandemic H1N1 vaccine.

MeSH terms

Antibodies, Viral / immunology
B-Lymphocytes / immunology*
HIV Infections / immunology*
Humans
Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / immunology*
Influenza Vaccines / immunology*
Influenza, Human / immunology*
Influenza, Human / prevention & control*
Influenza, Human / virology
T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
Vaccination / methods
Vaccines, Inactivated / immunology

Substances

Antibodies, Viral
Influenza Vaccines
Vaccines, Inactivated