Estimating VO2max in children aged 5-6 years through the preschool-adapted 20-m shuttle-run test (PREFIT)

Abstract

Purpose: (1) To examine the comparability, i.e., discriminatory power, in a preschooler test (PREFIT 20-m shuttle-run test) and the 20mSRT-Original in 5-6-year-olds; (2) to provide an equation to estimate VO₂max from the 20mSRT-PREFIT.

Methods: 138 participants aged 5-6 years performed the 20mSRT-PREFIT and the 20mSRT-Original in a counterbalanced order. Total test duration, completed stages, maximum speed and maximum heart rate were registered.

Results: Participants finished stages from 2-10 in the 20mSRT-PREFIT, whereas stages 1-5 were completed in the 20mSRT-Original and a null was registered, showing the original version a lower discriminatory power. We also observed that the higher the cardiorespiratory fitness level the more comparable were the tests, i.e., - 0.04 km h^-1 difference between tests in the fittest participants (i.e., maximum speed ≥ 9.5 km h^-1). Using the original equation proposed by Leger and colleagues in 1988 and based on the estimation regression of maximum speed in the 20mSRT-Original from the PREFIT version, we computed a new equation to estimate VO₂max from the 20mSRT-PREFIT: Y = 44.657 + 1.795X ₁ - 2.601X ₂ + 0.0852X ₁ X ₂ (r = 0.77; r ² = 0.59; SEE = 1.25 ml kg^-1 min^-1 or 2.59% of estimated mean VO₂max = 48.38 ml kg^-1 min^-1), where X ₁ is the 20mSRT-PREFIT maximum speed (km h^-1) and X ₂ is the age of participants. The 20mSRT-PREFIT resulted in a significantly higher maximum heart rate than the 20mSRT-Original.

Conclusions: The 20mSRT-PREFIT has higher discriminatory power than the 20mSRT-Original. Our study provides for the first time an opportunity to estimate VO₂max in preschoolers and children based on the 20mSRT-PREFIT maximum speed and the age of participants.

Keywords: Cardiorespiratory fitness; Equation; Exercise test; Physical fitness; Preschool children; Validity.