Aim: To observe changes in gastric biomarker levels with age and effects of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in a healthy population, and explore factors associated with gastric biomarkers.
Methods: Three hundred and ninety-five subjects were selected and underwent physical examinations, biochemical tests, and measurement of serum pepsinogen (PG) I and II, gastrin-17 (G-17) and H. pylori antibody levels. Analyses were made by Student's t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regressions.
Results: PGII levels were higher in the ≥ 65-years-old age group (P < 0.05) and PGI/PGII were lower in the ≥ 75-years-old age group (P = 0.035) compared to the 35-44-years-old age group. Levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were higher (P = 0.009) in H. pylori-infected subjects that were male. LDL-C levels were higher in 55-74-years-old age group (P < 0.05) for H. pylori-infected subjects and 45-64-years-old age group (P < 0.05) for non-infected subjects compared to 35-44-years-old age group. Hp-IgG level positively correlated with PGI, PGII and G-17 (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P = 0.006), and negatively correlated with PGI/PGII (P < 0.001). Creatinine positively correlated with PGI, PGII and G-17 (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.001). Fasting blood glucose (FBG) positively correlated with PGI/PGII and G-17 (P < 0.001, P = 0.037). Age positively correlated with PGII and G-17 (P = 0.005, P = 0.026).
Conclusion: PGII levels increased while PGI/PGII declined with age in a healthy population. H. pylori infection had an effect on raising LDL-C levels to increase the risk of atherosclerosis in males, especially those of elderly age. Age, H. pylori infection, levels of renal function and FBG were associated with levels of pepsinogens and gastrin.
Keywords: Gastric ageing; Gastrin; Helicobacter pylori antibody; Pepsinogen.