Currently, immunotherapy is considered as the fourth major modality of cancer treatment except surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The new therapeutic approach based on immune checkpoint inhibitors is a landmark innovation. Strategies considering checkpoint inhibitors have shown good anti-tumor effect by targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1). Moreover, DNA mismatch repair-deficient tumors appear to be potential candidates for these therapies. This review summarizes the discussion and oral presentations in the annual meeting of American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and ASCO-gastrointestinal cancer (GI) in 2016 and provides an update on immunotherapy in gastrointestinal cancers.
免疫治疗是继手术、化疗及放疗之后第四大恶性肿瘤治疗手段。在各种免疫治疗方法中，免疫检查点抑制剂作为新型抗肿瘤疗法，是恶性肿瘤治疗史上里程碑式的创新。在免疫检查点抑制剂中，靶向细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原4(CTLA-4)、程序性细胞死亡因子1(PD-1)及其配体(PD-L1)抑制剂均显示出良好的抗肿瘤疗效。其中，DNA错配修复基因缺陷型(dMMR)肿瘤患者可能是抗PD-1/PD-L1治疗方法的最佳候选者。目前，不同的免疫治疗方案的疗效正在研究评估中。文章就2016年美国临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)年会及美国临床肿瘤学会胃肠肿瘤研讨会(ASCO-GI)中有关免疫检查点抑制剂治疗胃肠道恶性肿瘤的口头报告及讨论内容进行总结。.
Keywords: Checkpoint inhibitors; Gastrointestinal neoplasms; Immunotherapy.