Hypothermic Machine Perfusion's Protection on Porcine Kidney Graft Uncovers Greater Akt-Erk Phosphorylation

Transplant Proc. 2017 Oct;49(8):1923-1929. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.05.011.

Abstract

Background: To investigate the potential mechanisms of hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP)'s beneficial effects on kidney graft over static cold storage (SCS) in vitro.

Methods: Ten kidneys of 5 Bama miniature male pigs were paired into 2 groups: SCS group and HMP group. Preservation solutions were taken at 0, 1, 3, and 6 hours for the measurement of K+, Na+, Cl-, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) using the standard laboratory methods. Renal cortex were harvested at 6 hours for the following measurement: lactic acid (LD), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), malondialdehyde (MDA), neutrophil accumulation (MPO), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Ischemia-induced apoptosis and the protein expression levels of total Akt, phospho-Akt, total Erk, and phospho-Erk were analyzed by Western blotting.

Results: Almost all of the tested metabolites in preservation solutions were reduced with time in the HMP group. Levels of Na+, Cl-, BUN, Cr, K+, and LDH were lower in the HMP group compared with the SCS group, with differences in the first 4 reaching statistical significance. HMP alleviated ATP degradation and LD accumulation, diminished the MDA (P < .05) and MPO (P = .227) levels, and greatly raised IL-10 and TGF-β (P < .05) expression. A marked decrease of proapoptotic and a large increase of antiapoptotic markers (P < .05) along with greatly raised Akt (P < .05) and Erk (P < .01) phosphorylation was observed in the kidney of the HMP group compared with the SCS group.

Conclusion: HMP's kidney graft protection involves inhibition of accumulation of toxic metabolites, oxidative damage, and apoptosis along with upregulation of the Akt and Erk signaling pathway.

MeSH terms

  • Adenosine Triphosphate / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Creatinine / metabolism
  • Electrolytes / metabolism
  • Interleukin-10 / metabolism
  • Kidney / metabolism*
  • Kidney Transplantation*
  • L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / metabolism
  • MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / metabolism*
  • Male
  • Models, Animal
  • Organ Preservation / methods*
  • Perfusion / methods
  • Phosphorylation
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism*
  • Swine
  • Swine, Miniature
  • Up-Regulation

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Electrolytes
  • Interleukin-10
  • Adenosine Triphosphate
  • Creatinine
  • L-Lactate Dehydrogenase
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases