Tilia tomentosa pectins exhibit dual mode of action on phagocytes as β-glucuronic acid monomers are abundant in their rhamnogalacturonans I

Yordan N Georgiev; Berit S Paulsen; Hiroaki Kiyohara; Milan Ciz; Manol H Ognyanov; Ondrej Vasicek; Frode Rise; Petko N Denev; Antonin Lojek; Tsvetelina G Batsalova; Balik M Dzhambazov; Haruki Yamada; Reidar Lund; Hilde Barsett; Albert I Krastanov; Irina Z Yanakieva; Maria G Kratchanova

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.07.073

Tilia tomentosa pectins exhibit dual mode of action on phagocytes as β-glucuronic acid monomers are abundant in their rhamnogalacturonans I

Carbohydr Polym. 2017 Nov 1:175:178-191. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.07.073. Epub 2017 Jul 25.

Authors

Yordan N Georgiev¹, Berit S Paulsen², Hiroaki Kiyohara³, Milan Ciz⁴, Manol H Ognyanov¹, Ondrej Vasicek⁵, Frode Rise⁶, Petko N Denev¹, Antonin Lojek⁴, Tsvetelina G Batsalova⁷, Balik M Dzhambazov⁷, Haruki Yamada³, Reidar Lund⁶, Hilde Barsett², Albert I Krastanov⁸, Irina Z Yanakieva¹, Maria G Kratchanova⁹

Affiliations

¹ Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 139 Ruski Blvd., BG-4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Innovative-Technological Center Ltd., 20 Dr. G. M. Dimitrov Str., BG-4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
² Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, NO-0316, Oslo, Norway.
³ Department of Drug Discovery Science, Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, JP-108-8641, Tokyo, Japan.
⁴ Department of Free Radical Pathophysiology, Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 135 Kralovopolska, CZ-612 65, Brno, Czech Republic.
⁵ Department of Free Radical Pathophysiology, Institute of Biophysics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 135 Kralovopolska, CZ-612 65, Brno, Czech Republic; International Clinical Research Center - Center of Biomolecular and Cellular Engineering, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, 53 Pekarska, CZ-656 91, Brno, Czech Republic.
⁶ Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, NO-0315, Oslo, Norway.
⁷ Department of Developmental Biology, Plovdiv University Paisii Hilendarski, 24 Tsar Assen Str., BG-4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
⁸ Department of Biotechnology, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritza Blvd., BG-4002, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
⁹ Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 139 Ruski Blvd., BG-4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Innovative-Technological Center Ltd., 20 Dr. G. M. Dimitrov Str., BG-4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. Electronic address: lbas@plov.omega.bg.

PMID: 28917854
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.07.073

Abstract

Silver linden flowers contain different pectins (PSI-PSIII) with immunomodulating properties. PSI is a low-esterified pectic polysaccharide with predominant homogalacturonan region, followed by rhamnogalacturonan I (RGI) with arabinogalactan II and RGII (traces) domains. PSII and PSIII are unusual glucuronidated RGI polymers. PSIII is a unique high molecular weight RGI, having almost completely O-3 glucuronidated GalA units with >30% O-3 acetylation at the Rha units. Linden pectins induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NO generation from non-stimulated whole blood phagocytes and macrophages, resp., but suppressed OZP-(opsonized zymosan particles)-activated ROS generation, LPS-induced iNOS expression and NO production. This dual mode of action suggests their anti-inflammatory activity, which is known for silver linden extracts. PSI expressed the highest complement fixation and macrophage-stimulating activities and was active on intestinal Peyer's patch cells. PSIII was active on non-stimulated neutrophils, as it induced ß₂-integrin expression, revealing that acetylated and highly glucuronidated RGI exhibits immunomodulating properties via phagocytes.

Keywords: Anti-inflammatory activity; Immunomodulating polysaccharides; Neutrophils; Pectin; Peyer’s patches; Tilia flowers.