The Pyk2/MCU pathway in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model of ischemic stroke

Neurosci Res. 2018 Jun:131:52-62. doi: 10.1016/j.neures.2017.09.002. Epub 2017 Sep 12.

Abstract

Mitochondrial dysfunction caused by Ca2+ overload plays an important role in ischemia-induced brain damage. Mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU), located on the mitochondrial inner membrane, is the major channel responsible for mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. Activated proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) can directly phosphorylate MCU, which enhances mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake in cardiomyocytes. It has been suggested that the Pyk2/MCU pathway may be a novel therapeutic target in stress-induced cellular apoptosis. In this study, we explored the role of the Pyk2/MCU pathway in the ischemic brain following a stroke injury. We found that the Pyk2/MCU pathway is activated in a rat cerebral ischemia model, and is responsible for mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal apoptosis. Inhibiting the Pyk2/MCU pathway with a Pyk2 inhibitor (PF-431396) prevented mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, mitochondrial injury, proapoptotic protein release, and cell death. Interestingly, human urinary kallidinogenase (HUK) alleviated neuronal ischemic injury by inhibiting the Pyk2/MCU pathway, suggesting that the Pyk2/MCU pathway may be a protective target for ischemic stroke treatment.

Keywords: Ca(2+); HUK; Ischemic stroke; MCU; Mitochondria; Pyk2.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis
  • Brain / metabolism*
  • Brain / ultrastructure
  • Brain Ischemia / complications
  • Brain Ischemia / metabolism*
  • Calcium Channels / metabolism*
  • Calcium Signaling
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Focal Adhesion Kinase 2 / metabolism*
  • Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / metabolism*
  • Kallikreins / administration & dosage
  • Male
  • Mitochondria / ultrastructure
  • Neurons / ultrastructure
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Signal Transduction
  • Stroke / complications
  • Stroke / metabolism*

Substances

  • Calcium Channels
  • mitochondrial calcium uniporter
  • Focal Adhesion Kinase 2
  • Kallikreins