Phytochemical investigation of the methanol extract of Vitex limonifolia leaves led to the isolation of three new labdane-type diterpenoids, vitexlimolides A-C (1-3) and eight known compounds, 5,4'-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone (4), vitecetin (5), 5,4'-dihydroxy-7,3'-dimethoxyflavone (6), verrucosin (7), 2α, 3α-dihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (8), euscaphlic acid (9), 18,19-seco, 2α, 3α-dihydroxy-19-oxo-urs-11,13(18)-dien-28-oic acid (10), and maslinic acid (11). Their chemical structures were elucidated by physical and chemical methods. All compounds were evaluated for antiviral activities against CVB3, HRV1B, and EV71 viruses. As a result, compounds 4 and 6 showed potent antiviral activity against CVB3 infection with IC50 values of 0.12 ± 0.06 and 1.86 ± 0.18 (µM), respectively.
Keywords: Coxsackievirus B3; Enterovirus 71; Human rhinovirus; Labdane; Vitex limonifolia.