Introduction. Optimum growth and development are best achieved by breastfeeding, which is the safest source for infant feeding. Mothers in Saudi Arabia start to breastfeed their infants but soon introduce formula brands. Objective. To assess the safety and nutritional adequacy of the oldest formula brands available in the Saudi market. Methods. An observational study has compared between 5 types of infant formula brands; they were chosen based on their international popularity. Also, they are considered as the oldest formula brands available in the Saudi market. The contents of all the included formulas were carefully collected from their containers. The collected data were compared with the global standard requirements for infant formulas according to the guidelines. Results. All the infant formula brands had their contents within the optimal range as stated by the ESPGHAN (European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition) guidelines. Some formulas did not provide elements like fluoride and nucleotides. Moreover, the mandatory elements and the most dominant ingredient in each formula were documented. Discussion. According to the results of our study, all included formula brands are considered safe and nutritionally adequate. By assuming that the elements that were not found in some brands meant an abnormal value, Bebelac and Liptomil are the most suitable infant formulas available in the Saudi market. Conclusions. Adequate nutrition during infancy is essential in each health organization. The nutritional status of infants should be studied to achieve lifelong health and well-being. All formula brands in this study were found to be safe and nutritionally adequate.
Keywords: brands; formula; infant health; nutrition.