Introduction: Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality have been associated with different variables of anthropometric measurements.
Aim: To find out the association of anthropometric measurements in the development of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) and stroke among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).
Materials and methods: Three hundred subjects were included in the study out of which 100 subjects were known type 2 diabetics with CVD or Stroke (Group 1), 100 subjects were type 2 diabetic patients (Group 2) and 100 subjects were normal and healthy (Group 3). Blood Pressure (BP), Body Mass Index (BMI) Neck Circumference (NC), Waist Circumference (WC), Hip Circumference (HC), Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), high sensitive- C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Homocysteine (Hcy), microalbuminuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were compared between all three groups by using one-way ANOVA test, comparison between males and females by t-test and association was done by using Chi-square test.
Results: There were a significant difference in the means of anthropometric and biochemical parameters of the three groups (p<0.05). Diastolic BP, NC, WC, HC and homocysteine, are higher in T2DM obese patients than T2DM over weight and normal weight patients are statistically significant (p<0.05). The mean of levels systolic BP, Diastolic BP, hsCRP are higher in T2DM over weight patients than T2DM obese and normal weight patients are statistically significant (p<0.05). Association of physical activity, snoring and interrupted sleep with BMI was statistical significant (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Obesity and overweight in T2DM patients play important role in elevation of blood pressure and inflammation markers like hsCRP, homocysteine. Snoring and interrupted sleep also involved development of CVD and Stroke among T2 diabetes.
Keywords: Body mass index; Diabetic complications; Obesity.