Validation Testing Demonstrates Efficacy of a 7-Day Fluid Record to Estimate Daily Water Intake in Adult Men and Women When Compared with Total Body Water Turnover Measurement

Evan C Johnson; François Péronnet; Lisa T Jansen; Catalina Capitan-Jiménez; J D Adams; Isabelle Guelinckx; Liliana Jiménez; Andy Mauromoustakos; Stavros A Kavouras

doi:10.3945/jn.117.253377

Validation Testing Demonstrates Efficacy of a 7-Day Fluid Record to Estimate Daily Water Intake in Adult Men and Women When Compared with Total Body Water Turnover Measurement

J Nutr. 2017 Oct;147(10):2001-2007. doi: 10.3945/jn.117.253377. Epub 2017 Sep 6.

Authors

Evan C Johnson¹, François Péronnet², Lisa T Jansen³, Catalina Capitan-Jiménez⁴, J D Adams³, Isabelle Guelinckx⁵, Liliana Jiménez⁵, Andy Mauromoustakos⁶, Stavros A Kavouras^{7

8}

Affiliations

¹ Human Integrated Physiology Laboratory, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY.
² Department of Kinesiology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
³ Hydration Science Laboratory and.
⁴ Hispanoamerican University, San Jose, Costa Rica.
⁵ Danone Research, Palaiseau, France; and.
⁶ Agricultural Statistics Laboratory, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR.
⁷ Hydration Science Laboratory and kavouras@uark.edu.
⁸ Division of Endocrinology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR.

PMID: 28878034
DOI: 10.3945/jn.117.253377

Abstract

Background: Mean daily water intake from fluids (WATER-FL) has proven to be difficult to measure because of a range of nonvalidated data collection techniques. Few questionnaires have been validated to estimate WATER-FL against self-reported diaries or urinary hydration markers, which may limit their objectivity.Objectives: The goals of this investigation were 1) to assess the validity of a 7-d fluid record (7dFLR) to measure WATER-FL (WATER-FL-7dFLR) through comparison with WATER-FL as calculated by measuring deuterium oxide (D₂O) disappearance (WATER-FL-D₂O), and 2) to evaluate the reliability of the 7dFLR in measuring WATER-FL.Methods: Participants [n = 96; 51% female; mean ± SD age: 41 ± 14 y; mean ± SD body mass index (in kg/m²): 26.2 ± 5.1] completed body water turnover analysis over 3 consecutive weeks. They completed the 7dFLR and food diaries during weeks 2 and 4 of the observation. The records were entered into nutritional software to determine the water content of all foods and fluids consumed. WATER-FL-D₂O was calculated from water turnover (via the D₂O dilution method), minus water from food and metabolic water. The agreement between the 2 methods of determining WATER-FL were compared according to a Bland-Altman plot at week 2. The test-retest reliability of 7dFLR between weeks 2 and 4 was assessed via intraclass correlation (ICC).Results: The mean ± SD difference between WATER-FL-7dFLR and WATER-FL-D₂O was -131 ± 845 mL/d. In addition, no bias was observed (F_[1,94] = 0.484; R² = 0.006; P = 0.488). When comparing WATER-FL-7dFLR from weeks 2 and 4, no significant difference (mean ± SD difference: 71 ± 75 mL/d; t_[79] = 0.954; P = 0.343) and an ICC of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.77, 0.90) was observed.Conclusions: The main findings of this study were that the use of the 7dFLR is an effective and reliable method to estimate WATER-FL in adults. This style of questionnaire may be extremely helpful for collecting water intake data for large-scale epidemiologic studies.

Keywords: 7-day record; Liq.in7; deuterium oxide; diet record; dietary assessment; fluid intake; hydration; water; water turnover.

Publication types

Comparative Study
Validation Study

MeSH terms

Adult
Beverages / analysis
Body Water / metabolism*
Deuterium Oxide
Diet Records*
Drinking*
Female
Food Analysis
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Nutrition Assessment*
Reproducibility of Results
Self Report
Surveys and Questionnaires*
Water / administration & dosage*
Water / metabolism
Water-Electrolyte Balance

Substances

Water
Deuterium Oxide