Skull Metastasis from the Liver: Case Report and Literature Review

World Neurosurg. 2017 Dec:108:989.e15-989.e18. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.08.104. Epub 2017 Aug 24.

Abstract

Background: Calvarial metastasis from liver cirrhosis in the absence of a primary focus is exceptionally rare. Few reports of metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma of an unknown primary focus have been published.

Case description: A 66-year-old man with a history of Schistosoma japonicum infection presented to our hospital with a mass over the left occipital region associated with headache and dizziness. Imaging revealed a 6 × 5-cm lesion supplied principally by the left occipital artery. The metastatic tumor was removed via super-selective embolization and craniotomy. Pathology revealed that circulating tumor cells from the liver had metastasized to the calvaria. Postoperatively, no primary foci was found over 9 months of follow-up.

Conclusions: A calvarial mass may be an initial manifestation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Early diagnosis is important. A calvarial metastasis from the liver, although very rare, should be included in the differential diagnosis of a patient with both cirrhosis and skull mass.

Keywords: Calvaria; Circulating tumor cells; Metastases; Primary foci.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / complications
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / diagnostic imaging
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / secondary*
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / therapy
  • Cerebral Angiography
  • Embolization, Therapeutic
  • Humans
  • Liver Cirrhosis / etiology
  • Liver Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Liver Neoplasms / etiology
  • Liver Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Magnetic Resonance Angiography
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Neoplastic Cells, Circulating
  • Schistosomiasis japonica / complications
  • Skull Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Skull Neoplasms / secondary*
  • Skull Neoplasms / therapy
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed