Gut microbiota trajectory in patients with severe burn: A time series study

J Crit Care. 2017 Dec:42:310-316. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2017.08.020. Epub 2017 Aug 12.

Abstract

Purpose: This time series experiments aimed to investigate the dynamic change of gut microbiomes after severe burn and its association with enteral nutrition (EN).

Materials and methods: Seven severely burned patients who suffered from a severe metal dust explosion injury were recruited in this study. The dynamic changes of gut microbiome of fecal samples at six time points (1-3days, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6weeks after severe burn) were detected using 16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing technology.

Results: Following the post-burn temporal order, gut microbiota dysbiosis was detected in the gut microbiome after severe burn, then it was gradually resolved. The bio-diversity of gut bacteria was initially decreased, and then returned to normal level. In addition, at the early stage (from 2 to 4weeks), the majority of those patients' gut microbiome were opportunistic pathogen genus, Enterococcus and Escherichia; while at the end of this study, the majority was a beneficial genus, Bacteroides. EN can promote the recovery of gut microbiota, especially in EN well-tolerated patients.

Conclusions: Severe burn injury can cause a dramatic dysbiosis of gut microbiota. A trend of enriched beneficial bacteria and diminished opportunistic pathogen bacteria may serve as prognosis microbiome biomarkers of severe burn patients.

Keywords: Enteral nutrition; Gut microbiota; Microbiome biomarkers; Severe burn.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Burns*
  • Dysbiosis / microbiology*
  • Female
  • Gastrointestinal Microbiome / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Injury Severity Score
  • Male
  • Time Factors
  • Young Adult