A 75-year-old man with a history of chronic kidney disease (CKD) visited our emergency room after the sudden onset of severe right lower abdominal pain and nausea. Computed tomography (CT) showed right perirenal hematoma and renal tumor, which was diagnosed as a spontaneous rupture of the right renal tumor. It was difficult to correctly diagnose the tumor as benign or malignant with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Because of CKD, a shunt was implanted, and dynamic enhanced CT was performed. Dynamic enhanced CT showed a slightly enhanced area of the tumor, and it was diagnosed as renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Radical nephrectomy was performed, and he has not experienced recurrence within 7 months after the surgery. Pathological diagnosis was papillary renal carcinoma. Spontaneous renal hemorrhage is relatively uncommon, but the most common cause of spontaneous renal hemorrhage is renal cell carcinoma (26.1%). CT is useful for diagnosis, but it is not highly accurate. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss surgical indication carefully.
Keywords: Renal cell carcinoma; Spontaneous hemorrhage.