Characteristics and clinical outcomes of repeat endovascular therapy after infrapopliteal balloon angioplasty in patients with critical limb ischemia

Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2018 Feb 15;91(3):505-514. doi: 10.1002/ccd.27238. Epub 2017 Aug 11.

Abstract

Objectives: We clarified characteristics and clinical outcomes of critical limb ischemia (CLI) patients who underwent repeat endovascular therapy (EVT) for infrapopliteal lesions.

Background: High restenosis rate after infrapopliteal EVT remains a major concern.

Methods: Patients with CLI who underwent EVT between April 2007 and February 2014, were divided into the following three groups according to how often EVT was repeated: Group A, no repeat of EVT; Group B, EVT repeated once/twice; and Group C, EVT repeated ≥3 times.

Results: Wound healing rates at 1 year were 93.9% in Group A, 77.1% in Group B, and 27.3% in Group C (P < 0.001). Limb salvage rates at 3 years were 93.0, 88.5, and 57.1%, respectively (P = 0.001). Amputation-free survival rates at 3 years were 60.8, 51.2, and 29.2%, respectively (P = 0.019). Multivariate analysis revealed that hemodialysis (OR 3.413, 95% CI 1.263-9.225, P = 0.016), low ejection fraction (OR 7.758, 1.049-57.360, P = 0.045), and clinical stage assessed by SVS WIfI (OR 2.440, 1.417-4.203, P = 0.001) were independent predictors of repeat EVT. The rate of requirement for repeat EVT significantly increased as clinical stage became more severe (repeat EVT rate: 0% in CS 1, 28.6% in CS 2, 34.0% in CS 3, and 45.7% in CS 4, P < 0.001).

Conclusions: The clinical outcomes of CLI patients requiring repeat EVT three or more times were poor. The SVS WIfI clinical stage may be useful to predict the necessity of repeat EVT.

Keywords: SVS WIfI; critical limb ischemia; repeat endovascular therapy; wound healing.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Amputation, Surgical
  • Angioplasty, Balloon* / adverse effects
  • Critical Illness
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Ischemia / diagnostic imaging
  • Ischemia / physiopathology
  • Ischemia / therapy*
  • Limb Salvage
  • Lower Extremity / blood supply*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease / diagnostic imaging
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease / physiopathology
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease / therapy*
  • Progression-Free Survival
  • Recurrence
  • Retreatment
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Wound Healing