Impact of Larger Sputum Volume on Xpert® MTB/RIF Assay Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Smear-Negative Individuals with Suspected Tuberculosis

Sharlaa Badal-Faesen; Cynthia Firnhaber; Michelle A Kendall; Xingye Wu; Beatriz Grinsztejn; Rodrigo Otavio da Silva Escada; Michel Fernandez; Evelyn Hogg; Ian Sanne; Pamela Johnson; David Alland; Gerald H Mazurek; Debra A Benator; Anne F Luetkemeyer; AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5295; Tuberculosis Trials Consortium Study 34 Teams

doi:10.3390/jcm6080078

Impact of Larger Sputum Volume on Xpert^® MTB/RIF Assay Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Smear-Negative Individuals with Suspected Tuberculosis

J Clin Med. 2017 Aug 7;6(8):78. doi: 10.3390/jcm6080078.

Authors

Sharlaa Badal-Faesen¹, Cynthia Firnhaber², Michelle A Kendall³, Xingye Wu⁴, Beatriz Grinsztejn⁵, Rodrigo Otavio da Silva Escada⁶, Michel Fernandez⁷, Evelyn Hogg⁸, Ian Sanne⁹, Pamela Johnson¹⁰, David Alland¹¹, Gerald H Mazurek¹², Debra A Benator¹³, Anne F Luetkemeyer¹⁴; AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5295²; Tuberculosis Trials Consortium Study 34 Teams⁹

Affiliations

¹ Clinical HIV Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2092, South Africa. sfaesen@witshealth.co.za.
² Clinical HIV Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2092, South Africa. csfirnhaber@gmail.com.
³ Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA. kendall@sdac.harvard.edu.
⁴ Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA. xwu@sdac.harvard.edu.
⁵ Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas-INI-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21.045-900, Brazil. gbeatriz@ini.fiocruz.br.
⁶ Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas-INI-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21.045-900, Brazil. rodrigo.escada@ini.fiocruz.br.
⁷ Pulmonary and Critical Care Department, Baylor Scott and White Hospital, Temple, TX 76508, USA. michel_6815@yahoo.com.
⁸ Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA. ehogg@s-3.com.
⁹ Clinical HIV Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2092, South Africa. isanne@witshealth.co.za.
¹⁰ Cepheid Inc., Sunnyvale, CA 94089, USA. pamela.johnson@cepheid.com.
¹¹ Division of Infectious Disease, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07103, USA. allandda@njms.rutgers.edu.
¹² Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. gym6@cdc.gov.
¹³ The Veterans Affairs Medical Center, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20422, USA. debra.benator@va.gov.
¹⁴ Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA. annie.luetkemeyer@ucsf.edu.

Abstract

As a strategy to improve the sensitivity of nucleic acid-based testing in acid-fast bacilli (AFB) negative samples, larger volumes of sputum (5-10 mL) were tested with Xpert^® MTB/RIF from 176 individuals with smear-negative sputum undergoing tuberculosis evaluation. Despite larger volumes, this strategy had a suboptimal sensitivity of 50% (4/8).

Keywords: Xpert MTB/RIF; larger volume sputum; smear-negative suspects.

Abstract

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